AAPOD2 Image Archives
The Giraffe Nebula — LDN 1295 in Camelopardalis
Amid the quiet reaches of the constellation Camelopardalis lies the dark nebula LDN 1295, part of a vast network of molecular clouds often called the Giraffe Nebula. Intertwined with reflection nebulae LBN 603 and LBN 612, this dusty region stretches over several light-years, sculpted by faint starlight and the slow collapse of dense gas. The delicate filaments and dark tendrils of dust obscure the background stars, hinting at the hidden process of star formation within.
This deep exposure reveals the subtle interplay between dark and reflective clouds, the brown lanes of cold dust contrasting with the faint blue light scattered by nearby young stars. Located in one of the most remote and least studied regions of the northern Milky Way, the Giraffe Nebula stands as a quiet but beautiful reminder that even the darkest parts of the sky are alive with creation.
A deep look at the Milky Way Core HaRGB Mosaic
A breathtaking high-resolution mosaic reveals the glowing heart of our galaxy, the Milky Way. Captured through a 135mm HaRGB setup, the image highlights a complex web of ionized hydrogen gas (shown in red), dark dust lanes, and star-forming regions. The galactic core, rich in emission nebulae and dense molecular clouds, sits shrouded in interstellar dust that obscures visible light but glows brilliantly in this composite view.
Stretching across the field, the image captures the interplay between dark and luminous regions, offering a sense of the immense scale and structure of the Milky Way’s inner spiral arms. This deep and carefully assembled mosaic brings the hidden beauty of the galactic center into sharp focus, revealing both the chaos and order at the core of our home galaxy.
NGC 1365
Known as the Great Barred Spiral Galaxy, NGC 1365 lies about 56 million light-years away in the constellation Fornax. This magnificent island universe spans over 200,000 light-years, making it one of the largest and most striking barred spirals in the sky. Prominent dust lanes cut across its glowing arms, which are rich in hydrogen emission and sites of active star formation. The bright central bar channels gas inward, fueling both stellar birth and a supermassive black hole at the galaxy’s core.
This deep view reveals the galaxy’s dynamic structure in remarkable detail, from red star-forming regions to the subtle extensions of its faint outer arms. Astronomers study NGC 1365 as a textbook example of barred spiral evolution, providing clues to how bars drive galactic growth and transformation over cosmic time.
IC 5146: Cocoon Nebula in a River of Dust 4 Panel Mosaic
The Cocoon Nebula (IC 5146) floats about 4,000 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus, a luminous nursery where new stars emerge from clouds of gas and dust. At its core, a bright young star illuminates the surrounding hydrogen, oxygen, and dust, forming the radiant cocoon that gives the nebula its name.
This extraordinary four-panel mosaic spans over 224 hours of total integration time, revealing both the glowing core and the long, dark molecular filaments that stretch westward like a cosmic river. Captured in LRGB and H-alpha, the image traces the full life cycle of interstellar matter, dense dust lanes collapsing into stars and their radiation sculpting the surrounding nebula into intricate, colorful forms.
Barnard's Merope Nebula (IC 349)
Illuminated by the bright Pleiades star Merope, IC 349—also known as Barnard’s Merope Nebula, is a small reflection nebula about 400 light-years away in Taurus. The nebula’s delicate blue glow comes from interstellar dust scattering starlight, while its intricate filaments trace the fine structure of gas and dust interacting with the intense radiation from Merope. Because of its proximity to such a luminous star, IC 349 is one of the brightest and most detailed examples of a reflection nebula known.
Discovered in 1890 by E. E. Barnard, this faint wisp lies only about 0.06 light-years from Merope itself, making it a challenge to capture without the star’s brilliance overwhelming the view. Long exposures and careful processing reveal the subtle arcs and eddies in the surrounding dust, shaped by the star’s wind and radiation pressure. The scene highlights the beauty and fragility of starlight filtering through the remnants of the interstellar medium.
Theophilus Crater — Lunar Sunrise Over the Central Peaks
Carved into the lunar surface near Mare Nectaris, the Theophilus Crater spans nearly 100 kilometers in diameter and rises over 3,200 meters from its floor to rim. This young impact structure is among the Moon’s most striking features, displaying a terraced wall and a central mountain complex formed when the lunar surface rebounded after the colossal impact.
Captured from Mazan, France, this high-resolution image reveals fine details illuminated by the low angle of lunar sunrise, accentuating the rugged relief of the crater’s rim and peaks. The image was obtained on October 11, 2025, using a 625 mm Newtonian telescope with a Barlow 4×, IR685 filter, and QHY5-III 678M camera. From 3,000 frames, 360 were stacked to achieve this sharp result, offering a close look at one of the Moon’s most dramatic geological landmarks.
NGC 6894 — Planetary Nebula in Cygnus
Floating within the rich star fields of Cygnus, NGC 6894 is a faint planetary nebula roughly 1,800 light-years away. The nebula’s nearly perfect circular shell marks the final breath of a dying sunlike star, now collapsed into a white dwarf at its center. Surrounding filaments of hydrogen and oxygen trace shock fronts where stellar winds interact with earlier ejected gas, creating the glowing sphere seen in the image.
Recent deep exposures have revealed that NGC 6894 is not an isolated bubble, but rather connected to a faint extended hydrogen tail stretching several arcminutes southward, likely formed as the nebula drifts through the interstellar medium. This feature shows that the nebula’s ejected material continues to shape and be shaped by its galactic environment, offering a glimpse of stellar death in motion amid the crowded Milky Way.
Comet C/2025 A6 (Lemmon) — October 13, 2025
Captured from the Aosta Valley in the western Alps, this image reveals Comet Lemmon streaking through the northern sky, displaying a striking contrast of colors: a vivid green coma and a beautifully extended blue ion tail. The cyan–blue tail, rich in ionized molecules such as CO⁺, forms under the influence of the solar wind, while the green glow arises from diatomic carbon (C₂) fluorescing in sunlight. The complex, braided structure of the tail reflects the comet’s active nucleus as it responds to changing solar conditions.
Discovered on January 3, 2025 by the Mount Lemmon Survey, C/2025 A6 (Lemmon) is now rapidly brightening as it approaches perihelion on November 8, 2025, when it will pass just 0.53 AU from the Sun. Its closest approach to Earth occurs on October 21, at a distance of about 0.60 AU, making it an easily observable comet for northern observers. Currently around magnitude 5–5.7, it may peak between magnitude 3.5 and 4.5, potentially visible to the naked eye under dark alpine skies. With an orbital period of roughly 1,350 years, Comet Lemmon offers a rare glimpse of a visitor from the outer Solar System, its glowing trail marking both its journey and the Sun’s invisible wind.
LDN 1295 Giraffe Nebula
Drifting quietly through the northern constellation of Cepheus, LDN 1295 is a dark molecular cloud embedded within a complex web of reflection and emission nebulae. The structure’s intricate dust lanes trace cold interstellar matter—raw material for future stars—while faint blue and golden hues emerge from starlight scattering through the cloud. Its shape, reminiscent of a long-necked creature, gives rise to the nickname “The Giraffe Nebula.”
This region lies about 3,000 light-years away and forms part of a larger star-forming complex near the Cepheus Flare, where turbulence and gravity weave new suns from the darkness.
The Dragon of Ara
Stretching across 400 light-years, the vast emission nebula NGC 6188 glows in intricate filaments of hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. Sculpted by fierce stellar winds and radiation from the nearby young cluster NGC 6193, its form evokes a dragon soaring through the stars, a fitting image for this rich star-forming region in the constellation Ara. Within its glowing arcs, new generations of massive stars ignite, continuing to reshape the surrounding interstellar medium.
Below this sprawling cloud lies an unexpected jewel: the planetary nebula NGC 6164/6165, a symmetrical bubble of gas expelled by the massive O-type star HD 148937. Together, these neighboring objects create a striking juxtaposition, a stellar nursery giving birth to new suns above a dying star shedding its outer layers below, a vivid portrait of the cosmic cycle of stellar evolution.
This image is a two-panel mosaic, carefully captured and processed to reveal both the luminous H II structures of NGC 6188 and the delicate shell of NGC 6164/6165 in remarkable detail.
Saturn and Enceladus under Exceptional Seeing
Captured on the morning of September 18, 2025, this detailed image of Saturn reveals the gas giant at its finest under exceptionally steady skies. Over 75 minutes of data, approximately 70,000 frames, were collected, with the best 30 % stacked and de-rotated to achieve high-resolution clarity.
The icy moon Enceladus appears just to the right of the planet, while Mimas hides behind Saturn’s rings. Subtle atmospheric activity can be seen across the globe, including diffuse bright spots in the southern hemisphere and several storms tracing the equatorial belts. This view captures the dynamism and beauty of Saturn’s ever-changing atmosphere.
47 Tucanae and Beyond
This wide-field image showcases 47 Tucanae (NGC 104), one of the brightest and most massive globular clusters in the Milky Way, rising over the dark skies of Warrumbungle National Park, Australia. Located about 13,000 light-years away in the constellation Tucana, 47 Tuc contains millions of ancient stars densely packed into a luminous core that shines with a golden hue.
Surrounding the cluster are countless more distant stars and galaxies, offering a striking sense of scale between our galaxy’s halo and the deep cosmic background. The remarkable sharpness of this image reveals faint globulars and background galaxies, hinting at the vast structures that lie far beyond the Milky Way’s stellar outskirts.
Venus IR
Captured under excellent seeing and transparency from Agerola on Italy’s Amalfi Coast, this composition reveals Venus through three distinct filters, each emphasizing different layers of the planet’s atmosphere. Subtle structures in the middle-altitude cloud decks become visible, shaped by complex winds and photochemical processes in the planet’s dense, reflective atmosphere.
Using a Celestron C14 Edge HD telescope on a Fornax 52 mount, Player One Uranus-M camera with a Baader FFC and Sloan z′ (820–920 nm) filter to record fine near-infrared detail. These stacked views together highlight how multispectral imaging can uncover features invisible to the eye, offering a rare glimpse into Venus’s dynamic cloud systems.
SNR G65.3+5.7 — The Faint Supernova Complex in Cygnus
Spanning nearly three degrees across the constellation Cygnus, SNR G65.3+5.7 is a vast and ancient supernova remnant, the lingering shell of a massive stellar explosion that occurred thousands of years ago. The nebula’s faint, filamentary structures, cataloged in parts as Sharpless 91, 94, and 96—trace the shock fronts of ionized hydrogen and oxygen as the expanding blast wave interacts with the surrounding interstellar medium.
Despite its enormous size, the remnant is extremely dim, requiring long exposures through narrowband filters to reveal its ghostly arcs of red and teal light. These delicate threads of emission offer a glimpse into the slow process of stellar death and dispersal, as the material from the once-brilliant star enriches the galactic environment with heavy elements.
LDN 1355 — The Helping Hand
In the dark clouds of Cepheus, the molecular complex LDN 1355 stretches across space like a cosmic hand reaching through starlight. This dense region of interstellar dust obscures the background stars while faint reflection nebulae shimmer along its edges, illuminated by embedded young stars forming within.
The central reflection area glows in soft blue hues, contrasting against the rich brown and gray filaments of dust that define the dark nebula’s intricate shape. Known as the “Helping Hand,” LDN 1355 beautifully demonstrates the interplay between starlight and the raw material of star formation in one of the Milky Way’s quiet nurseries.
The Great Lacerta Nebula & Dust | HaRGB
The Great Lacerta Nebula lies hidden within a rarely imaged region of the northern sky, where glowing hydrogen clouds meet dense interstellar dust. The vibrant red emission marks zones of ionized hydrogen gas, while the golden-brown filaments trace cold molecular material sculpted by stellar winds and radiation.
This wide-field view, rendered in HaRGB, highlights the complex structure of the nebula’s environment, showing how star formation and interstellar turbulence weave together to create one of Lacerta’s most intricate cosmic landscapes.
Comet Lemmon Meets NGC 3184
Comet C/2025 A6 (Lemmon) and the spiral galaxy NGC 3184 share this wide-field view captured from Texas. While the comet streaks across the foreground sky, its pale green and blue coma and delicate ion tail trace the effects of solar wind and radiation pressure on volatile gases escaping from its icy nucleus.
In the background, NGC 3184 quietly resides 39.5 million light-years away in Ursa Major. This face-on intermediate spiral galaxy, moving at about 821 km/s relative to the cosmic microwave background, contrasts beautifully with the fleeting visitor from our own Solar System, a rare cosmic alignment of motion and distance captured in a single frame.
Discovery of Extended Hα Clouds and New Filaments Near Centaurus A
This extraordinary ultra-deep capture of Centaurus A (NGC 5128) reveals intricate hydrogen-alpha structures within the inner 8–10 kiloparsecs of the galaxy, documented in much detail. The glowing emission clouds extend from the galaxy’s core and dust lane into the Northern Transition Region, tracing the same path as Centaurus A’s well-known optical jet filaments.
Located about 12 million light-years away, Centaurus A is one of the nearest active radio galaxies, powered by a supermassive black hole feeding on infalling material. The resulting relativistic jets interact with surrounding gas, igniting vast clouds of hydrogen and oxygen in brilliant shades of red and blue. This image offers a rare glimpse into the dynamic heart of an active galaxy in turmoil.
C/2025 A6 Lemmon on September 29, 2025
Comet C/2025 A6 (Lemmon) was imaged on the morning of September 29, 2025, while sweeping across the sky from the Utah Desert Remote Observatory. Even a month before reaching perihelion, the comet displayed a striking appearance with a bright turquoise coma and a remarkably long, filamentary ion tail. Multiple gas jets, sculpted by the pressure of the solar wind, create dynamic structures that extend far into interplanetary space.
This image captures the transient beauty of a comet in motion, offering a rare glimpse into the interaction between a pristine icy body and the Sun’s influence. Technical setup: PlaneWave Delta Rho 500/1500 mm telescope with a ZWO ASI 6200MM camera and Chroma LRGB filters. The final image represents a total of 16 minutes of integration using 2×2 binning.
Two Wolf-Rayet Stars in Cygnus
In the rich star fields of Cygnus, two massive stars nearing the end of their lives sculpt the interstellar medium with fierce stellar winds. At left, WR 136 energizes the Crescent Nebula (NGC 6888), its powerful outflows colliding with earlier ejected material to form a glowing shell of hydrogen and oxygen. To the lower right, WR 134 produces its own fainter bubble-like arc, a delicate filamentary structure of ionized gas shaped by intense ultraviolet radiation.
These Wolf-Rayet stars represent a brief and violent stage of stellar evolution, a precursor to their eventual supernova explosions. The image reveals the contrast between the bright, turbulent Crescent Nebula and the more subtle, sprawling arcs of WR 134, both immersed in the broader hydrogen-rich clouds of Cygnus. Together they highlight the transformative power of massive stars and the beauty of their interactions with the galactic environment.