AAPOD2 Image Archives

2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

Glowing Dusty Orion Rises

The constellation of Orion dominates the winter sky, but beyond its bright stars lie vast clouds of glowing gas and intricate streams of interstellar dust. This wide-field view reveals the region’s famous nebulae, from the pinkish glow of hydrogen emission to the dark, dusty filaments sculpting the landscape. Orion’s Belt and Sword are immersed in these star-forming clouds, home to stellar nurseries where massive young stars light up their surroundings.

This image was captured from Starfront Observatories, Texas, using a William Optics Redcat 51 III wide-field refractor and a ZWO ASI2600MM camera on a ZWO AM5 mount. A set of ZWO LRGB and Antlia 3nm narrowband filters was employed to reveal both faint dust and ionized gas across the field. The integration time totaled 21.5 hours, recorded over multiple sessions in September 2025, producing a richly detailed portrait of Orion’s rising glow.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

The North America Nebula and the Pelican Nebula in SHO

Drifting in the rich star fields of Cygnus, the North America Nebula (NGC 7000, lower left) and the Pelican Nebula (IC 5070, right) form one of the most striking emission complexes in the northern sky. Separated by a dense band of dark dust, these glowing clouds of hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen stretch across dozens of light-years, sculpted by stellar winds and ultraviolet radiation from massive, young stars hidden within. The familiar continental outline of NGC 7000 is unmistakable, while the Pelican reveals intricate folds of gas and dust resembling its avian namesake.

Captured here in the SHO Hubble Palette, the false-color mapping highlights regions of ionized gases, with hydrogen in green, sulfur in red, and oxygen in blue. The interplay of bright emission and dark lanes demonstrates both the creative and destructive forces at work, where new stars are born even as radiation hollows out great cavities in the nebulae. Together, they showcase the Cygnus region as one of the most photogenic nurseries of the Milky Way.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

The Moon Occults Venus

In this rare celestial alignment, the Moon passes directly in front of Venus, temporarily hiding the brilliant planet behind its illuminated limb. Such events, known as occultations, are striking both visually and scientifically, as they provide opportunities to study the thin crescent of Venus as it disappears and reappears against the lunar edge. From Earth, the sudden vanishing of a bright planet against the sharp boundary of the Moon’s disk is a dramatic reminder of the constant motions of our solar system’s bodies.

This image was taken from Syracuse, Italy, on September 19, 2025, at 12:41 UT. The setup included an iOptron CEM70G mount paired with a Tecnosky APO SLD 130/910 refractor and a Nikon Z6III camera. A 1/1000-second exposure at ISO 100 captured the delicate balance of brightness between the lunar surface and Venus, preserving both the rugged detail of the Moon’s limb and the dazzling point of the planet.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

The Bubble Nebula in SHO

This striking portrait of the Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) was created from 11.5 hours of imaging through narrowband filters in the SHO palette. Located in the constellation Cassiopeia, the nebula is formed by the powerful stellar wind from a massive, hot Wolf–Rayet star, which sculpts the surrounding interstellar gas into its signature spherical shell. The rich interplay of ionized hydrogen, sulfur, and oxygen gases creates a layered appearance, with subtle colors highlighting the structure of this cosmic bubble.

In this view, the central bubble appears to float within a glowing cloud of filaments and dust, surrounded by faint nebulosity that extends well beyond the central shell. The long integration reveals the nebula’s intricate texture and depth, offering a detailed look at the forces shaping star-forming regions in our galaxy.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

Into The Core of Andromeda: 100hrs on a Familiar Target

This deep exposure reveals the bright core of the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) in exquisite detail. Using a combination of LRGB and narrowband Hα, SII, and OIII data over 100 hours of integration, the image highlights the galaxy’s rich star fields and intricate dust lanes. The core’s golden glow is complemented by faint emission regions scattered throughout the spiral arms, adding subtle color contrasts often missed in shorter integrations.

This long integration pushes well past the typical dynamic range, capturing both the brilliant central bulge and the surrounding faint structures with remarkable balance. The result is a portrait that feels both familiar and entirely new, drawing the viewer into the heart of our nearest major galactic neighbor.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

C/2025 A6 (Lemmon) Captured on September 26, 2025

Comet C/2025 A6 (Lemmon) shows off a strikingly green coma and a long, intricate ion tail stretching across the starry background. Captured on September 26, 2025, this image reveals delicate streamers in the tail and subtle interactions with the solar wind, producing a flowing, almost ribbon-like appearance. The contrast between the comet's bright nucleus and the golden foreground stars adds depth to the scene.

This image was made using RGB and luminance exposures totaling just over an hour of integration time, combining 30×30″ frames for each color channel with additional 120″ and 300″ luminance frames to bring out the faintest structures in the tail. C/2025 A6 continues to be a dynamic and visually spectacular visitor to the inner solar system.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

From Bloom (Sh2-170) to Garlic Head (Abell 85)

This sweeping widefield frames two fascinating but very different nebulae: Sh2-170, nicknamed the Little Rosette, and Abell 85 (CTB 1), often called the Garlic Head Nebula. Sh2-170 is an emission nebula whose rosy glow is powered by hot, young stars ionizing the surrounding hydrogen gas. Its compact, circular shape resembles a miniature version of the famous Rosette Nebula.

To its side lies Abell 85, a much older supernova remnant spanning about 100 light-years. Its faint filaments trace the shockwaves from a massive star that exploded thousands of years ago, leaving behind this ghostly bubble of energized gas. Capturing both objects in a single frame highlights the dramatic contrast between stellar birth and death in our galaxy.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

NGC 6334 – The Cat’s Paw Nebula in SHO

This dramatic false-color view captures NGC 6334, the Cat’s Paw Nebula, in the Hubble SHO palette. Glowing hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur trace vast regions of star formation nearly 5,500 light-years away in the constellation Scorpius. The nebula’s intricate structure and emission arcs give it its distinctive paw-like appearance, with several embedded star-forming regions illuminating the surrounding gas and dust.

Narrowband data isolates the emission from hydrogen-alpha, doubly ionized oxygen, and singly ionized sulfur, revealing fine filaments and shock fronts that are nearly invisible in broadband light. This composite highlights the violent, dynamic processes sculpting the nebula as young stars continue to form within its molecular clouds.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

Saturn Dione's & Tethys

Saturn shines here under good seeing conditions, accompanied by its icy moons Dione and Tethys, both visible near the planet’s majestic rings. Careful processing also reveals a diffuse white spot in Saturn’s far southern latitudes. Using WinJupos measurements, the feature is located near System III longitude 20.3° and latitude –49.5°, hinting at atmospheric activity in the gas giant’s turbulent cloud tops.

Captured from Agerola on the Amalfi Coast in Italy, this high-resolution view was made with a C14 Edge HD telescope on a Fornax52 mount, using a Player One Uranus-M/C camera, Chroma L filter, Baader R+IR610, and a 2x Televue Powermate with ADC Pietro Astro MK3. The final image combines LRGB data with detail enhanced from the red and infrared channel.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

VdB 134 and PN 86+05.1

This wide-field image captures the striking blue reflection nebula VdB 134 in Lacerta, glowing from starlight scattered by cosmic dust. The scene is made even more dramatic by the presence of the faint red hydrogen emission that threads the surrounding interstellar medium. At right, the small, perfect blue bubble is the planetary nebula PN G086.9+05.1, a remnant of a dying star’s outer layers now glowing in ionized gas.

The contrast between the dusty reflection nebula, the faint emission filaments, and the compact planetary nebula makes this field a remarkable example of the diversity of nebular structures found within the Milky Way. The interplay of reflection, emission, and ionization showcases a rich tapestry of stellar evolution, from the birth clouds of stars to their final stages.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

Sh2-188: The Dolphin Nebula

Sh2-188, often called the Dolphin Nebula, is a planetary nebula in Cassiopeia about 850 light-years away. Its distinct crescent shape comes from a bow shock as the nebula plows through the interstellar medium at high speed. The leading edge glows with bright hydrogen-alpha and oxygen-III emission, while fainter filaments trail behind, outlining its extended structure.

This deep image combines Ha, OIII, and SII data for over 20 hours of total exposure, revealing delicate filaments and subtle color contrasts across the nebula. The mix of short and long exposures preserves both the bright rim and the faint outer shell, capturing the nebula’s interaction with surrounding space in remarkable detail.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

W 63 – Faint Supernova Remnant in Cygnus

This deep image reveals W 63 (SNR G82.2+5.3), one of the faintest and largest supernova remnants in the constellation Cygnus. The wispy filaments of ionized hydrogen glow red, while fainter shock fronts traced by doubly ionized oxygen appear bluish. The complex network of filaments hints at the vast spherical shell left behind by a massive star that exploded thousands of years ago.

Requiring many hours of integration, this image highlights the extremely faint nature of W 63, which is difficult to capture even under dark skies. At an estimated distance of roughly 4,700 light-years, the remnant spans more than 150 light-years across, making it one of the largest supernova shells visible from Earth.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

Milky Way Over Aktau Mangystau Kazakhstan

The brilliant core of the Milky Way rises above the dramatic white cliffs of Aktau in Mangystau, Kazakhstan. The star clouds and dark dust lanes of our galaxy stretch high into the sky, revealing bright star-forming regions and glowing nebulae near the Galactic Center. The rocky foreground, softly lit by starlight, provides a stunning contrast to the vibrant celestial panorama above.

This image was created by stacking 20 light frames and 10 dark frames, captured with a Canon R6 to reduce noise and enhance faint detail. The result is a crisp and colorful view of the Milky Way’s central bulge from one of Kazakhstan’s most remote and otherworldly landscapes.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

C/2025 R2 SWAN on September 16 2025

Gliding through the stars, Comet C/2025 R2 (SWAN) displays a bright cyan coma and a strikingly long, detailed ion tail in this image from September 16, 2025. The comet’s tail is shaped by the solar wind, with intricate kinks and disconnections revealing real-time interactions between the comet’s plasma and the charged particles streaming from the Sun. The vivid greenish hue of the coma comes from diatomic carbon fluorescing under sunlight.

Captured with careful tracking to follow the comet’s motion, the image reveals both the fine filamentary structure of the tail and the sharp star field beyond. The scene is a reminder that comets are dynamic travelers, changing in brightness and appearance as they approach and recede from the Sun.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

Sh2-132 – The Lion Nebula

Resembling the profile of a celestial lion, Sh2-132 is a sprawling emission nebula located in the constellation Cepheus. Its glowing hydrogen regions, shown here in rich orange, are sculpted by the energetic winds and radiation from nearby massive stars. The blue-green areas trace doubly ionized oxygen, highlighting pockets of intense star-forming activity. This region is nearly twice the size of the full Moon, making it a rewarding but challenging target for astrophotographers.

This detailed image represents over 60 hours of total exposure, captured remotely from ARO in Portugal. The combination of long integration time and narrowband filters reveals intricate dark dust lanes, filaments of glowing gas, and the subtle transitions between ionization zones.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

Venus in IR-UV False Color

Venus reveals its cloud structure in this striking false-color image captured under excellent seeing and transparency. The view was produced using a combination of infrared, green, and ultraviolet filters to bring out details at multiple atmospheric levels. The bright cloud features trace high-altitude haze, while darker bands hint at lower-level cloud formations.

This image was taken with a 14-inch Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope on a precision Fornax52 mount, using a Player One Uranus-M camera with a Baader FFC Barlow. The IR and UV wavelengths used (820–920 nm and 350 nm) penetrate and highlight different cloud layers, offering a glimpse of the planet’s dynamic atmosphere.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

Globular Cluster M15 in a Rich Hydrogen-Alpha Field

This stunning image frames Messier 15, one of the densest globular clusters in the Milky Way, surrounded by faint hydrogen-alpha filaments and integrated flux nebula. Located about 33,000 light-years away in Pegasus, M15 contains over 100,000 stars tightly packed into a sphere just 175 light-years across. Its collapsed core may even harbor a rare intermediate-mass black hole.

The long exposures in H-alpha and broadband filters reveal delicate red and gray wisps of interstellar gas and dust, rarely captured in wide-field images of M15. These structures belong to the faint galactic cirrus that permeates the outer regions of our galaxy, adding an ethereal backdrop to the brilliant, ancient cluster.

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2025 Charles Lillo 2025 Charles Lillo

The Soul Nebula (IC 1848)

This wide-field view captures the Soul Nebula, also cataloged as IC 1848, a sprawling emission nebula located about 6,500 light-years away in the constellation Cassiopeia. Dominated by glowing hydrogen gas, the nebula is energized by young, massive stars embedded within its central cluster. These stars carve out bright ridges and sculpt dark dust lanes, creating the nebula’s intricate, soul-like shape.

The image highlights the nebula’s characteristic red emission, a result of ionized hydrogen recombining with electrons. Subtle blue hues mark regions of reflection nebulae where dust scatters starlight. The Soul Nebula is often imaged together with its neighbor IC 1805, the Heart Nebula, forming a celestial “Heart and Soul” pair. This detailed portrait isolates the Soul itself, revealing the star-forming activity and sweeping structures that make it a favorite target for astrophotographers.

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Charles Lillo Charles Lillo

The Eagle Nebula in HOO

This dramatic portrait captures the Eagle Nebula (M16) in a bicolor HOO palette, combining hydrogen-alpha and oxygen-III emission data. The image reveals the intricate structure of glowing gas and dark dust pillars within this famous star-forming region, located about 7,000 light-years away in the constellation Serpens. The central cavity is carved by intense ultraviolet radiation and stellar winds from newly born massive stars in the embedded cluster NGC 6611.

Prominent in the image are the towering "Pillars of Creation," dark columns of gas and dust that serve as stellar nurseries. The HOO palette highlights the contrast between the reddish hydrogen-rich regions and the teal oxygen emission near the core, giving the scene a sense of depth and texture. This combination offers both scientific insight and a striking aesthetic view of one of the sky’s most iconic nebulae.

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